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Home Knowledge

What is an Economic Recession?

Recessions are visible in industrial production, employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade. Recession is a normal, albeit unpleasant, part of the business cycle.

India CSR by India CSR
November 9, 2022
in Knowledge
Reading Time: 3 mins read
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Businesses, investors, and government officials track various economic indicators that can help predict or confirm the onset of recessions.


A recession is a period of declining economic performance across an entire economy that lasts for several months. A recession is a macroeconomic term that refers to a significant decline in general economic activity in a designated region. It had been typically recognised as two consecutive quarters of economic decline, as reflected by GDP in conjunction with monthly indicators such as a rise in unemployment.

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Govern-ments officially declare recessions, says the two consecutive quarters of decline in real GDP are not how it is defined anymore. It defines a recession as a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales.

Businesses, investors, and government officials track various economic indicators that can help predict or confirm the onset of recessions.

A variety of economic theories have been developed to explain how and why recessions occur.

Recessions are visible in industrial production, employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade. Recession is a normal, albeit unpleasant, part of the business cycle.

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Recessions are characterised by a rash of business failures and often bank failures, slow or negative growth in production, and elevated unemployment.

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India CSR® is the largest media on CSR and sustainability offering diverse content across multisectoral issues on business responsibility. It covers Sustainable Development, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability, and related issues in India. Founded in 2009, the organisation aspires to become a globally admired media that offers valuable information to its readers through responsible reporting.

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