Centre Slaps National Security Act; Supporters Call It Suppression of Dissent

Following violent clashes in Leh that left several dead, authorities detained climate and social activist Sonam Wangchuk, accusing him of provoking unrest — a move his supporters decry as suppression of democratic dissent.

Leh/New Delhi ( India CSR): Climate activist and education reformer Sonam Wangchuk was arrested in Leh on Friday after violent protests in Ladakh left at least four people dead and dozens injured. The arrest marks a turning point in the ongoing agitation demanding statehood and constitutional safeguards for the Himalayan Union Territory.

Protests Turn Violent in Leh

The Ladakh protests, which have been building for months, escalated sharply earlier this week when thousands of demonstrators clashed with security forces in Leh. Protesters torched vehicles, pelted stones, and set government property ablaze, while security forces responded with tear gas and warning shots. The violence resulted in at least four deaths and over 80 injuries, including those of police personnel. Authorities immediately imposed curfew orders and suspended mobile internet to prevent the spread of unrest across the sensitive border region.

Also Read: MHA Cancels FCRA License of Sonam Wangchuk NGO Amid Ladakh Protests

Demands for Statehood and Sixth Schedule

The agitation stems from widespread discontent over Ladakh’s governance structure since its separation from Jammu and Kashmir in 2019. Protestors, led by social and political groups, have been demanding full statehood and inclusion under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution, which grants autonomy and protections for tribal populations. Sonam Wangchuk, a respected voice in Ladakh, has been at the forefront of this movement, staging hunger strikes and peaceful protests to push the demands into the national spotlight.

Wangchuk’s Arrest and Charges

On Friday afternoon, a police team led by Ladakh’s Director General of Police arrested Wangchuk just hours before he was to address a press conference. Officials confirmed that he has been booked under the National Security Act (NSA), a preventive detention law that allows authorities to keep individuals in custody for up to a year without formal trial. Police alleged that Wangchuk made “provocative statements” during the protests that incited violence, a charge strongly rejected by his supporters.

Centre Cancels NGO’s Licence

Adding to the tension, the Union Home Ministry on Thursday cancelled the FCRA licence of SECMOL, Wangchuk’s NGO that has worked on education and sustainability projects in Ladakh for decades. The government cited alleged violations of foreign funding norms as the reason. Critics, however, called the move an attempt to choke civil society voices and weaken the organisational base of the Ladakh protest movement.

Supporters Call Arrest Suppression of Dissent

Wangchuk’s arrest has sparked outrage among his supporters and civil society groups. Many argue that far from inciting violence, he had appealed for calm and urged demonstrators to maintain non-violence. The Himalaya Niti Abhiyan, an advocacy group, condemned the arrest and extended full support to what it described as a non-violent people’s movement. Opposition parties also criticised the use of NSA, saying it amounts to criminalising dissent in a democratic country.

Government Defends Action

Officials, however, defended the crackdown, saying the violence in Leh could not be tolerated. “The situation was getting out of control, and provocative speeches aggravated the crisis. The arrest was necessary to maintain law and order,” a senior officer told reporters. The administration insists that while peaceful protest is a constitutional right, no one can be allowed to instigate mobs or damage public property in a strategically sensitive border region like Ladakh.

Political and Legal Implications

The use of the National Security Act against a regional activist of Wangchuk’s stature raises serious questions about the balance between civil liberties and state security. Analysts note that this development may complicate upcoming talks between Ladakh leaders and the central government scheduled for October 6. The Centre will now face growing pressure to open dialogue while simultaneously ensuring that unrest does not spiral out of control in a region critical to India’s strategic interests.

What Lies Ahead

For the people of Ladakh, Wangchuk’s arrest is both a shock and a rallying point. His detention is likely to intensify anger in the region, with fears of fresh mobilisations despite the curfew and internet shutdown. Nationally, the episode has already sparked a debate about how India handles dissent in its frontier territories. Whether Wangchuk’s legal battle becomes a prolonged confrontation or sparks renewed dialogue will shape the future of the Ladakh movement in the months to come.

Fact Sheet: Sonam Wangchuk’s Arrest in Ladakh

Heading	Key Facts
Who is Sonam Wangchuk?	Climate activist, engineer, and education reformer; Founder of SECMOL; global advocate for sustainability and Ladakh’s tribal rights.
Reason for Protests	Demand for statehood and inclusion under Sixth Schedule; protection of land, jobs, and fragile ecology.
Violence in Leh	On Sept 24, 2025, protests turned violent; 4 dead, 80+ injured; vehicles and govt. property torched; curfew and internet shutdown imposed.
Date of Arrest	Sept 26, 2025 – hours before a press conference in Leh.
Charges	Booked under National Security Act (NSA) for alleged “provocative statements.”
Wangchuk’s Stand	Denies charges; says he appealed for calm and non-violence.
Action on NGO	Govt. cancelled FCRA licence of SECMOL on Sept 25, 2025, citing foreign funding violations.
Government’s Position	Arrest necessary to maintain law & order in a strategic border region; NSA invoked to prevent further violence.
Supporters’ Response	Civil groups call it suppression of dissent; Himalaya Niti Abhiyan backs movement; opposition criticises use of NSA.
Next Steps	Talks with Centre scheduled for Oct 6, 2025; legal process under NSA to decide detention; possibility of intensified protests.