India’s journey to a malaria-free future continues with unwavering determination.
NEW DELHI (India CSR): India is making great progress in its fight against malaria. At independence in 1947, the country reported 75 million cases every year. Malaria deaths were as high as 800,000 annually. By 2023, cases dropped to 2 million, and deaths fell to just 83. This is a 97% reduction in cases and a 99% decline in deaths.
Exit from WHO’s High-Burden Group
In 2024, the WHO removed India from the “High Burden to High Impact” group. This marked a major achievement in malaria control. The World Malaria Report 2024 praised India’s efforts. It highlighted India’s reduction in cases and deaths between 2017 and 2023.
States Achieving Malaria Elimination
India’s progress is evident across many states. In 2015, 10 states and union territories were in the high-burden category (Category 3). By 2023, only Mizoram and Tripura remained in this group. Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Meghalaya moved to medium-burden (Category 2). States like Madhya Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh achieved low-burden (Category 1) status.
In 2023, Ladakh, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry reported zero indigenous cases. They are now eligible for malaria elimination verification. Also, 122 districts reported zero malaria cases in 2023. This demonstrates the success of targeted programs.
In 2023, zero malaria cases reported in 122 districts across various states.
Key Strategies Driving Success
India’s success is built on solid plans. The National Framework for Malaria Elimination (NFME) was launched in 2016. It aimed to achieve zero cases by 2027. The National Strategic Plan for Malaria Elimination (2023–2027) introduced advanced surveillance. It also focused on a “test, treat, and track” approach.
Real-time tracking is done through the Integrated Health Information Platform (IHIP). This helps in early detection and quick action. Vector control methods like Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) have reduced mosquito populations. Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) have also played a key role.
Strengthened Surveillance and Diagnostics
Surveillance efforts have improved significantly. The Annual Blood Examination Rate (ABER) increased from 9.58 in 2015 to 11.62 in 2023. This ensures early case detection and timely treatment.
The government has set up National Reference Laboratories (NRLs). These labs provide high-quality diagnostic services. Localized plans target tribal and forested areas. Ayushman Bharat health packages include malaria services for vulnerable communities.
Role of Communities and Research
Community participation has been vital. Ayushman Arogya Mandirs and Community Health Officers deliver healthcare at the grassroots. These efforts ensure that no one is left behind.
Research has supported malaria elimination strategies. Studies on insecticide resistance guide intervention plans. Over 850 health workers were trained in 2024 to improve response systems.
Support Through Funding and Collaboration
India has received strong support for its malaria programs. The Intensified Malaria Elimination Project-3 (IMEP-3) targets 159 districts. It focuses on distributing LLINs, conducting research, and improving surveillance. These measures strengthen efforts in high-burden areas.
Vision for the Future
India is determined to eliminate malaria by 2030. The goal is to achieve zero indigenous cases by 2027. Preventing the return of malaria is also a priority.
The success so far shows the effectiveness of India’s strategies. With continuous efforts, India is setting an example for the world. A malaria-free India will stand as a global public health milestone.
Table: Key Facts on India’s Progress in Malaria Elimination
| Historical Burden | 7.5 crore cases and 8 lakh deaths annually at independence (1947). |
| Current Status (2023) | 2 million cases and 83 deaths annually—a 97% and 99% reduction respectively. |
| WHO Recognition (2024) | India exited WHO’s High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) group. |
| Zero Malaria Districts | 122 districts reported zero malaria cases in 2023. |
| Category 0 States/UTs | Ladakh, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry achieved zero indigenous malaria cases. |
| Surveillance Progress | Annual Blood Examination Rate (ABER) increased from 9.58 (2015) to 11.62 (2023). |
| Malaria Cases (2015–2023) | Reduced from 11,69,261 in 2015 to 2,27,564 in 2023—a decline of 80%. |
| Malaria Deaths (2015–2023) | Declined from 384 in 2015 to 83 in 2023—over 80% reduction. |
| Strategic Plans | National Framework for Malaria Elimination (2016) and National Strategic Plan (2023–2027). |
| Key Measures | Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs), and real-time tracking. |
| Community Initiatives | Inclusion of malaria services in Ayushman Bharat and deployment of Community Health Officers. |
| Research Efforts | Studies on insecticide resistance and therapeutic efficacy to refine interventions. |
| Capacity Building (2024) | Over 850 health professionals trained in National Refresher Trainings. |
| Project Focus | Intensified Malaria Elimination Project-3 (IMEP-3) targeting 159 districts across 12 states. |
| Future Goals | Achieve zero indigenous malaria cases by 2027 and eliminate malaria by 2030. |
(India CSR)
