Arbitrage funds are hybrid mutual funds that aim to generate profits by exploiting price differentials between the derivatives and cash markets. The main objective of these funds is to generate arbitrage profits through price differences in different capital market segments. In this article, we will discuss the meaning, history, objective, purpose, risks, returns, and more about Arbitrage Funds.
Arbitrage Funds are hybrid mutual funds that aim to generate profits by exploiting price differentials between the derivatives and cash markets. These funds are an excellent option for investors who want to profit from a volatile market without taking on too much risk. Although arbitrage funds are relatively low risk, the payoff can be unpredictable. Investors need to keep an eye on expense ratios, which can be high.
What are Arbitrage Funds?
Arbitrage, in essence, is capitalizing on price discrepancies of the same asset in different markets. Imagine finding the same shirt for $10 at one store and $15 at another. You buy at the lower price and sell at the higher, pocketing a neat profit. Arbitrage funds apply this principle to the stock market, exploiting temporary mispricings between the cash market and derivative markets like futures and options.
Meaning of the term
Arbitrage involves the simultaneous purchase and sale transactions of an asset in two different markets (i.e., cash and futures markets) to profit from inefficiencies in the prices across these markets. And the funds that work on this principle are called Arbitrage Funds.
History of Arbitrage Funds
Arbitrage Funds were first introduced in India in 2006. Since then, they have become increasingly popular among investors due to their low-risk profile and tax efficiency.
Objective of Arbitrage Funds
The main objective of Arbitrage Funds is to generate profits by exploiting price differentials between the derivatives and cash markets. These funds aim to generate arbitrage profits through price differences in different capital market segments.
Purpose of Arbitrage Funds
Arbitrage Funds are an excellent option to earn reasonable profits for those who understand it and then make the most of it. The fund manager tries to generate an alpha using price differentials in markets. Historically, arbitrage funds are known to offer returns in the range of 7% to 8% over five years to ten years.
Why is it important?
Arbitrage Funds are an excellent option for investors who want to profit from a volatile market without taking on too much risk. Although arbitrage funds are relatively low risk, the payoff can be unpredictable. Arbitrage funds are taxed like equity funds. Investors need to keep an eye on expense ratios, which can be high.
How do Arbitrage Funds work?
Arbitrage funds are mutual funds that aim to generate profit from price differential in the derivatives and cash (or spot) market through simultaneous buy & sell transactions in cash and futures markets. For instance, an arbitrage fund could buy an asset in today’s cash market and simultaneously sell it in the futures market at a higher price, thereby locking its gain right away.
Think of an arbitrage fund manager as a market detective, constantly sniffing out these pricing anomalies. They might find a stock trading cheaper in the cash market compared to its futures contract. The fund quickly buys in the cash market and simultaneously sells the futures contract, locking in the price difference as profit. This “buy low, sell high” strategy, played out across numerous minor discrepancies, generates steady returns for fund investors.
What are the Risks?
Arbitrage funds are relatively low risk, but the payoff can be unpredictable. Investors need to keep an eye on expense ratios, which can be high. The returns from arbitrage funds are a function of opportunities available between the spot market and the futures market.
Benefits and Returns associated with Arbitrage funds
Historically, arbitrage funds are known to offer returns in the range of 7% to 8% over five years to ten years. Returns from arbitrage funds are a function of opportunities available between the spot market and the futures market.
Benefits of Arbitrage Funds:
- Low Risk: By capitalizing on price misalignments, arbitrage funds typically exhibit lower volatility compared to stock-focused funds. They’re often considered a safe haven during market downturns.
- Steady Returns: While not guaranteed, arbitrage funds generally offer consistent, albeit modest, returns through their arbitrage strategies. This can be ideal for risk-averse investors seeking stability.
- Liquidity: Most arbitrage funds offer high liquidity, allowing you to easily buy and sell your units as needed. This flexibility suits investors with short-term goals or emergency needs.
Important Considerations:
- Limited Upside: Don’t expect blockbuster returns from arbitrage funds. Their focus on low-risk gains translates to moderate annual returns, typically in the single-digit range.
- Expense Ratios: Compare expense ratios, the fees charged by the fund, before investing. High fees can eat into your modest returns.
- Market Efficiency: As markets become more efficient, arbitrage opportunities dwindle. This can impact the fund’s performance in the long run.
Meanings for investors
Arbitrage Funds are an excellent option for investors who want to profit from a volatile market without taking on too much risk. Although arbitrage funds are relatively low risk, the payoff can be unpredictable. Investors need to keep an eye on expense ratios, which can be high.
Who should invest in Arbitrage Funds?
These funds are ideal for:
- Risk-averse investors: Seeking stable returns with minimal volatility.
- Conservative investors: Looking for a safe haven for their investments.
- Investors with short-term goals: Needing liquidity and predictable returns.
What are the tax implications of investing in Arbitrage Funds?
Arbitrage funds are treated as equity funds for taxation purposes. If you hold the funds for less than a year, you pay 15% short-term capital gains (STCG) tax. But if held for more than a year, then you only pay 10% long-term capital gains (LTCG) tax on amounts exceeding Rs 1 lakh a year 12.
How do I invest in an arbitrage fund?
You can invest in an arbitrage fund through the following steps:
Choose a fund: You can choose an arbitrage fund of your choice from a mutual fund provider. You can find a list of the best arbitrage funds ranked by Forbes 1.
Complete your KYC: You need to complete your Know Your Customer (KYC) process before investing in any mutual fund. You can complete your KYC process online or offline.
Invest: You can invest in an arbitrage fund either through a lump sum or systematic investment plan (SIP). You can invest online or offline. You can invest in an arbitrage fund through the ET Money app or website.
What is the minimum investment amount for an arbitrage fund?
The minimum investment amount for an arbitrage fund varies depending on the mutual fund provider. For instance, Invesco India Arbitrage Fund has a minimum investment amount of Rs 1,000 12. Kotak Equity Arbitrage Fund has a minimum investment amount of Rs 5,000. The minimum investment amount for ICICI Prudential Equity Arbitrage Fund is Rs 5,000 for lump sum investments and Rs 1,000 for SIP investments.
How often can I invest in an arbitrage fund?
There is no limit on how often you can invest in an arbitrage fund. However, it is important to note that arbitrage funds are best suited for investors with a short to medium-term horizon of 6 months to 1 year 1.
What is the difference between an arbitrage fund and a debt fund?
Arbitrage funds and debt funds are two different types of mutual funds. While arbitrage funds are hybrid mutual funds that aim to generate profits by exploiting price differentials between the derivatives and cash markets, debt funds invest in fixed-income securities such as bonds, treasury bills, and other debt securities.
The primary difference between arbitrage funds and debt funds is the risk profile. Arbitrage funds are relatively low risk, while debt funds carry a higher risk. Debt funds are subject to interest rate risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk, while arbitrage funds are not.
How do I redeem my investment in an arbitrage fund?
You can redeem your investment in an arbitrage fund by following these steps:
- Log in to your mutual fund account: Log in to your mutual fund account through the AMC website or mobile app.
- Select the fund: Select the arbitrage fund you want to redeem.
- Enter the amount: Enter the amount you want to redeem.
- Confirm the transaction: Confirm the transaction by entering your transaction password or OTP.
- Wait for the funds to be credited: Wait for the funds to be credited to your bank account. The time taken for the funds to be credited depends on the mutual fund provider.
How often can I invest in an arbitrage fund?
There is no limit on how often you can invest in an arbitrage fund. However, it is important to note that arbitrage funds are best suited for investors with a short to medium-term horizon of 6 months to 1 year 1.
How do I choose an arbitrage fund?
When selecting an arbitrage fund, it is important to consider the following factors:
- Fund performance: Look for a fund that has a consistent track record of generating returns over the long term.
- Expense ratio: Arbitrage funds have a low-risk profile, but the expense ratio can be high. Look for a fund with a low expense ratio to maximize your returns.
- Fund manager: The fund manager’s experience and expertise play a crucial role in the fund’s performance. Look for a fund managed by an experienced and skilled fund manager.
- Fund size: A larger fund size can help reduce the impact of transaction costs and improve liquidity.
- Investment horizon: Arbitrage funds are best suited for investors with a short to medium-term horizon of 6 months to 1 year.
- Risk tolerance: Arbitrage funds are relatively low risk, but the payoff can be unpredictable. Consider your risk tolerance before investing in an arbitrage fund.
Here are some of the best arbitrage funds in India, ranked by Forbes :
- Kotak Equity Arbitrage Fund
- ICICI Prudential Equity Arbitrage Fund
- Nippon India Arbitrage Fund
- Invesco India Arbitrage Fund
Remember: Arbitrage funds are not a magic bullet. Always conduct thorough research, understand your risk tolerance, and consult a financial advisor before investing.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and is not intended as financial advice. The content is based on data and information available as of the date of publication and may be subject to change. Investing in Arbitrage Funds involves risks, including the possibility of loss. Readers should consider their financial situation, objectives, and risk tolerance before making any investment decisions and are encouraged to consult with a financial advisor for personalized advice. Always consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decisions.
(India CSR)
